Continuous positive airway pressure, or CPAP, sends a steady flow of pressurized air through a mask while a person sleeps. The pressure helps keep the upper airway from collapsing, a common problem in obstructive sleep apnea.
The pressure pathway
A motor, tubing and mask form the basic path. The prescribed pressure and mask fit matter: leaks and discomfort can undermine the benefit even when the machine is running. Some devices record use and breathing events so a healthcare provider can review whether treatment is working. A humidifier may help with dryness.
Fit and follow-up
CPAP supports an open airway; it does not cure the cause of sleep apnea, and its benefit depends on using it whenever sleeping, including naps. It also is not the same as a hospital ventilator that may assist or control breaths in a much wider range of conditions. A provider selects settings and addresses persistent symptoms or side effects.
Related: how a ventilator moves air into the lungs.